Tamil Nadu's coastline bore the brunt of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami when it hit India, which caused 7,793 direct deaths in the state. Tamil Nadu has a coastline of about 910 kilometres (600 mi) which is the country’s third longest coastline. The central and the south central regions are arid plains and receive less rainfall than the other regions. The Eastern parts are fertile coastal plains and the northern parts are a mix of hills and plains.
The Western Ghats dominate the entire western border with Kerala, effectively blocking much of the rain bearing clouds of the South West Monsoon from entering the state.
Tamil Nadu is the only state in India which has both the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats and they both meet at the Nilgiri hills. The western, southern and the north-western parts are hilly and rich in vegetation. At this point is the town of Kanyakumari which is the meeting point of the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean. The southernmost tip of the Indian Peninsula is located in Tamil Nadu. To the east is the Bay of Bengal and the union territory of Puducherry. The bordering states are Kerala to the west, Karnataka to the northwest and Andhra Pradesh to the north. Tamil Nadu covers an area of 130,058 square kilometres (50,216 sq mi), and is the eleventh largest state in India. Tamil Nadu is home to many natural resources, grand Hindu temples of Dravidian architecture, hill stations, beach resorts, multi-religious pilgrimage sites and eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Its classical language Tamil has been in use in inscriptions and literature for 2500 years. The region has been the home of the Tamil civilization since at least 1500 BC, as attested by numerous archeological sites in and around Adichanallur. It is one of the foremost states in the country in terms of overall development. The state has the highest number of business enterprises in India, compared to the population share of about 6%. It is the fifth largest contributor to India's GDP and the most urbanised state in India. Tamil Nadu is the eleventh largest state in India by area (about the size of Greece) and the seventh most populous state. It is bound by the Eastern Ghats in the north, the Nilgiri, the Anamalai Hills, and Palakkad on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Gulf of Mannar, the Palk Strait in the south east, and by the Indian Ocean in the south. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the States of Puducherry (Pondicherry), Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Its capital and largest city is Chennai (formerly known as Madras). தமிழ்நாடு "Country of the Tamils", pronounced is one of the 28 states of India.
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